Reduction of Bacterial Wilt Diseases with Eggplant Rootstock EG203-Grafted Tomatoes in the Field Trials

Research in Plant Disease 2013;19(2):108-113.
Published online June 30, 2013.

가지대목 EG203을 이용한 토마토 풋마름병 경감효과

이문행 ( Mun Haeng Lee ) , 김지광 ( Ji Kwang Kim ) , 이희경 ( Hee Kyoung Lee ) , 김경제 ( Keyng Jae Kim ) , 유승헌 ( Seung Hun Yu ) , 김영식 ( Young Shik Kim ) , 이윤수 ( Youn Su Lee )

Reduction of Bacterial Wilt Diseases with Eggplant Rootstock EG203-Grafted Tomatoes in the Field Trials

Mun Haeng Lee1, Ji Kwang Kim1, Hee Kyoung Lee1, Keyng Jae Kim1, Seung Hun Yu2, Young Shik Kim3 and Youn Su Lee4*

¹Buyeo Tomato Experiment Station, Chungcheong Nam Do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Buyeo 323-814, Korea
²Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
³Department of Plant and Food Sciences, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 330-720, Korea
⁴Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

Received: November 06, 2012 Revised: December 24, 2012 Accepted: March 21, 2012

Abstract

Wilt damage on tomato plants caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has been increased as the areas of tomato cultivation increased during the warm seasons. Also, the tomato rootstocks used to prevent the disease occurrence are not effective in the highly prevailing regions. Therefore, bacterial wilt resistant eggplant rootstock EG203, collected from AVRDC, was tested for its effect to deter the Ralstonia solanacearum wilt disease in the greenhouses at Buyeo Tomato Experiment Station from 2003 to 2005, and at Gumi, Kyungpook province from 2009?2011. Planting of eggplant rootstock EG203 should be done three weeks before the planting of tomato scions so that they can have similar stem diameter (2.5?3.0 mm) and can be easily grafted. Both insertion and inarching grafting showed 93?96% success rates. In the greenhouse tests at Buyeo Tomato Experiment Station from 2003 to 2005, eggplant rootstock EG203-grafted tomatoes showed the disease occurrence of 4.3%. On the other hand, non-grafted or other commercial rootstock-grafted tomatoes showed disease occurrence of 58.0% and 25.0?36.7%, respectively. In the greenhouse tests at Gumi, Kyungpook province in 2009, the disease occurrence on the EG203-grafted and non-grafted tomatoes was 2?5% and 20? 80%, respectively. In 2010, at Gumi, Kyungpook province, when the wilt disease occurred slightly, the tomatoes grafted with tomato rootstocks B-blocking and Chung-gang, and eggplant rootstock EG203 showed similar disease severities, but EG203-grafted tomatoes formed lately cluster, resulting in the reduction of yield compared to tomato-grafted tomatoes. In 2011, at Gumi, Kyungpook province, when the wilt disease occurred severely, the tomato rootstocks ‘B-blocking’ and Chung-gang and eggplant rootstock EG203-grafted tomatoes showed disease occurrences of 60?85% and 0?1%, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that tomato rootstocks ‘B-blocking’ and ‘Chung-gang’ are more useful in the areas contaminated with low levels of pathogen and eggplant rootstock EG203 is more useful in the areas contaminated with high levels of pathogen.

Key Words: Eggplant rootstock, Graft, Ralstonia solanacearum, Tomato bacterial wilt