Natural Occurrence of Fusarium Head Blight and Its Mycotoxins in 2010-harvested Barley and Wheat Grains in Korea

Ryu, Jae Gee; Lee, Soo Hyung; Lee, Seung Ho; Son, Seung Wan; Nam, Young Ju; Kim, Mi Ja; Lee, Theresa; Yun, Jong Chul

Research in Plant Disease 2011;17(3):272-279.
Published online December 30, 2011.

2010년산 맥류의 붉은곰팡이병 발생 및 Fusarium 곰팡이독소 자연발생

류재기, 이수형, 손승완, 이승호, 남영주, 김미자, 이데레사, 윤종철

Natural Occurrence of Fusarium Head Blight and Its Mycotoxins in 2010-harvested Barley and Wheat Grains in Korea

Jae Gee Ryu, Soo Hyung Lee, Seung Ho Lee, Seung Wan Son, Young Ju Nam, Mi Ja Kim, Theresa Lee, Jong Chul Yun

Abstract

Fusarium species are worldwide causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals such as barley and wheat. Their toxigenic potential is a health risk for both humans and animals. To survey the natural occurrence of FHB and mycotoxins produced by Fusarium, total 126 barley or wheat grains grown in 2009- 2010 season in Korea were collected. The incidence of FHB was 30.7% in silage barley, 26.9% in wheat, 20.7% in naked barley, 19.4% in malting barley, 16.4% in unhulled barley. Overall FHB incidence of barley and wheat in 2010 was 23.0% and 10% higher than that of 2009. The incidences and level of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), and zearalenone (ZEA) were 34%, 0.89 mg/kg, 84.9%, 1.86 mg/kg, and 10.3%, 0.06 mg/kg respectively. The both levels and incidences of NIV were found to be highest in barley, whereas the level of DON was found to be highest in wheat. Incidences of DON and NIV and the level of NIV in the samples from southern regions of Korea were higher than those from central region, whereas the level of DON from central region was higher than that from southern regions. This is the first paper demonstrating regional difference in natural occurrence of DON and NIV in wheat and barley.

Key Words: Deoxynivalenol, Fusarium head blight (FHB), Natural occurrence, Nivalenol, Zearalenone